Digital Necromancy

 When I first heard the term "digital necromancy" I couldn't fathom how this could be real, however digital necromancy is in fact real and a highly debated subject since the 2010s. The event that first sparked this debate was an ad released by Johnnie Walker in 2010 in which Bruce Lee, who had been deceased for 40 years, is shown selling the scotch.

Johnnie Walker's Bruce Lee ad: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYoQ1mCyCKo


Other examples include a 2011 Dior ad featuring Marilyn Monroe, Grace Kelly, and Marlene Dietrich. 

Dior ad: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WLaCc9wUqUs

This 'digital necromancy' is done through generative AI in which the user is able to conjure the dead from their digital footprint. One reason for the desire to use a dead celebrity in an advertise is that it is actually more cost effective to utilize a deceased celebrity via animation than to hire a living one to act in an advertisement. Beyond posthumous film and music appearances, the technology has also been used to "speak with the dead" as one story recounts a man who used Open AI's LLM to have conversations with his dead fiancé based on her texts and emails. 

Some, such as startups Here After and Replika have recognized the profitability of digital necromancy and use generative AI to reanimate loved ones for bereaved. 

Digital necromancy is a touchy and highly debated subject, as some feel it crosses an ethical line. Some feel that it "zombifies" and disrespects the dead, while others emphasize how people often reflext on what their deceased loved ones may have said to them in challenging or happy times. Personally, I felt uneasy about the idea of using AI to interact with the dead, until I reflected on recent instances where I have pondered what a deceased relative would say to me as I am getting ready to graduate, and also how many people associate relics with their deceased loved ones, and how I have done this, and suddenly my aversion to digital necromancy was not as black and white. There does seem to be a fine line between digital necromancy being commemorative and exploitative to grieving parties. One thing to keep in mind as digital necromancy continues to rise, is that there are simply conduits and not the loved one themself. 

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